Type casting and composing machine.



No- 897,358. PATENTED SEPT. 1, 1908. R. G. ELLIOTT.

TYPE CASTING AND COMPOSING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9, 1908.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 897,358. PATENTED SEPT. l, 1908.

- R. G. ELLIOTT.

TYPE CASTING AND COMPOSING MACHINE.

PPLIGATION FILED JUNE 1908. A 9 11 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

W -M cuz;

No. 89'7,358. PATENTED SEPT.,1,'1908.

v R. c. ELLIOTT. TYPE CASTING AND OOMPOSING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9, 1908.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

No. 897,358. PATENTED SEPT. 1, 1908;

R. 0. ELLIOTT. TYPE CASTING AND GOMPOSING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9, 190B.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

74 Zz'1zetrse.s'. III/9212 07.

Wan/M W Z WM C W No. 897,358. PATEN-TED SEPT. 1, 1908. R. G. ELLIOTT.

TYPE CASTING AND GOMPOSING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9, 1908.

v 11 SHEET$-SHEET 6.

No. 897,358; PATENTED SEPT. 1, 1908.

R. G. ELLIOTT. TYPE CASTING AND GOMPOSING MACHINE.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9, 1908.

"Winessa.

PATENTED SEPT. -1, 1908.

R. c. ELLIOTT. TYPE CASTING AND comrosme MACHINE.

LI nrmm JUN 9 1908. E usnnz'rs-snnnw a.

No. 897,358. PATENTED SEPT. 1-, 1908. R. 0. ELLIOTT.

TYPE CASTING AND GOMPOSING MACHINE.

APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 9, 1908.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 9 N. 97 5s. PATENTED SEPT.1 1908.

0 8 R. c. ELLIOTT.

TYPE CASTING AND GOMPOSING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9, 1908.

11 sHLBTssHLLT 1o.

N. 97 PATENTED SBPTFI 1908.

0 8 R.G.EL,LIOTT.

TYPE CASTING AND comrosme MACHINE;

L D APPLICATION II 3 JUNE 9, 1908 11 SH HIET 1 WL'Z nes-se.s: 4

L/ WWW UNITED STATES RICHARD C. ELLIOTT, OF CLAPHAM, LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO LANSTON MONOTYPE PATENT OFFICE.

MACHINE COMPANY,- OF'PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION 'OF VIR- rrrn CASTING AND comrosmo micnnmq Yatented S ept. 1,1908.

To all whom it may concern: or

Be it. known that I, RICHARD OoRNELIt-Is ELLIoT'r,a' subject ofthe King of GreatBrit- I ain, and resident of Clapham, in" the county.

In the linotype machine, which requires only a single operator, solid slugs t. 0., complete lines) of type are cast, each from a line of matrices selected and assembled, under the control of a key-board operator and mechanically returned to the magazine as each line is cast. The cast lines are ejected into a galley in proper order read for proofing, but an error can only be rectified by the entire line wherein it occurs being removed bodily, recomposed by means of the key board mechanism, and re-cast. This class of machine has proved successful in'newspaper work wherein the length of line is usually small.

In the monotype machine, which possesses advantages that render it more especially suitable for book and general printing work, lines are cast of individual movable ty e each of which is capable of correction y hand. The/machine comprises two distinct apparatus each requiring a. separate attendant, in the first of which key-controlled ,mechanism is employed to perforate a strip of paper wherebythe second or casting a-p,- paratus is in turn controlled. In casting, the last line perforated is ejected first, so that the whole length of-the paper strip must be passed through the ca'sting apparatusbefore the first line is ready for.proofing. 1 This class of machineinv'olvesthe use of a separate air compressor or other source of com pressed air forworking the key-board mechanism, while the apparatus both require supervision by specially skilled men of high ntelligence in order that the efliciency of the machine .may be maintained unimpaired. Moreover, the employment of a large quantity of paper strip, which is liable to be preju- .'dic1ally aifected by climatic-changes, is a source ofexpense and trouble.

' The machine of the present invention: is controlled bya single attendant; it. requires no-paper strip and involves no necessity for the employment of a separate source of com ressed air; itcasts lines of individually movab e type each of which isicapable of cor-" rection by hand, and each-line is conveyed to the galley immediately on being composed. The machine is controlled by key mechanism, but (as a rulelthe number "of keys need only be about one-third of those employed in the monotype class of machine, while the number of grades of type cast may beabout one-third greaten Moreover, type may be produced larger than pica,

and the machine may be used to cast fonts of lhe machine as a whole is designed with a view to securing simplicity, quietness of -Working, and a "construction such that the occurrence of wear in important parts of the mechanism shall not pre udicially aflect the' perfection or'alinement of the type cast. According to the present invention,

controlled composing mechanism is first employed to withdraw from a magazine, one by one, a series of Whatmaybe termed selectors respectively corresponding to the va.-"

rious characters and spaces required to make up a line of typeythese selectors being assembled to form a row which, when complete, is withdrawn bodil so as to permit of a fresh line of selectors eing composed by the operator. The already complete row of selectors is meanwhile passed tov automatic selecting apparatus through'the medium of which the several selectors are successively enabled to choose from among a set of diebars carrying type-matrices those which correspond to the respective characters and spaces. The selectors, after thus performing their function, are automaticall turned to the magazine and distri uted therein in readiness for remployment.

Each die-bar, as selected, 1s so moved as to bring the type matrix carried by it to casting I position, wherein vthe matrix is clamped se-. curely against an adjustable stationary abut.- ment by an elastic buffer carried by a rebeing-secured by means of an alining knife of special construction. In this position ciprocating mold-blade, perfect alinement the selecte d matrix forms a closure for the upper end of'the type mold, wherein casting is effected by squirting the metal into the mold andagainst the face of the matrix. As each'type is cast, it is conveyed to a composing bar wherein all the typerequired to constitute a line are assembled, the complete.

. line being finally transferred bodily to the.

- galley. It is to be observedthat while each.

line of cast'type is perfect, and requires no further justification, any individual t pe can be as readily removed and replace as would be the case with ordinary type.

'E'ach-die -bar carries aseries of matrices exhibiting different faces all corresponding to the same character or unit-value of type,

the determination ofthe particular face of type requiredtobe cast (e. g.,' ordinary ,Roman, Italic, or black) being effected through the, medium of the selectors which,

' in addition to the function already -mentioned, serve to select the particular matrix unit-value of eachtype, as wel-l'as the'total all the t pe forming the proposed line and unit-value of the line, being known, they difference between theconjoint. unit-values of the tota unit-value of the 'line itself (as ascertained by the aid'of computing and in dicating mechanism in substantially the manner adopted in the monotype machine) is compensated for byjcorresp'ondingly limiting the stroke of the mold-blade already referredto; so as to causethe set of each space to be increased beyond'its normal or minimum width, this liniitationlofthe buffer stroke of the mold-blade being effected by special mechanism adjusted manually in accordance with the. requirements of each separate. line but otherwise working automatically. 7 Im roved means areprovided for reliev. ing die operator-of the greater partofflthe "manual exertion which would otherwise be involvedin carrying-out the various operations controlled-by thecomposing keys, the a relatively light depression of any one of the-- latter serving. to bringinto play pneumatic or other power-actuating mechanismwhe're by the entire rmachine constructed acc'or t1on, Figure 1 is a part front elevation and ted.

In the accompanying drawings, whichillus-* trate the more essential or characteristic portions of a type casting and composing ing to this mvencycle of. Such operations is comside view artl in section of the mechanism for operatlng the'selector escapement by'a key on the key-board. Fi 5 IS a face view of a selector. Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the assembly and intermediate troughs, parts being broken away, and Fig. 7 is a planview ofthe same. Figs. 8 and-9 are sections on lines 8'8 and 99 respectively of'Fig. 6. Fig. 10 is-a front elevation, partly in section, of mechanism for transferring a composed line of selectors from the assembly trough to. the intermediate trough. Fig. llis an elevation (on a plane at right angles to that of Fig. 6) of the mechanism fortransferring the successive selectors from the intermediate trough'to operative position, and for subsequently removing them from the latter; parts bein in section- Fig.12 is a part plan view, partly in section, chiefly'of those parts shown in Fig. 11. Fi 13 is an inner or front faceview ofthe pu's er whereofthe rear is shown in Fig. .11. Figs. 1'4'and 15 are,s.ections "on lines 14-14 and 1 5.1'5respectively of.Fig.

Fig..-16 is'an inner or front face-view of the cap of the clamping box andits actuating I lever. Fig. 17'is agface view of the; clamping ,box itself, and'Fig. 18 is a'sectional side elevation showing the clamping box, cap and actuatinglever. Figs. 19 to; 22 show details of the Jacobs 7 Ladder mechanism for re turning the selectors to the magazine, Figs.

19 and -20'be'ing portionsof the rear or'oute I .side elevation. similar to that shown in Fig.'

11', and Figs. 21. and22 being side elevations showing; a carrier in two different positions. Fig.23 is a ,partside elevation, partly in sec-- tion,-of the portion of the machine shown in Fig. 3. Fig. '24 is a part planview-of the lift plate and] associated parts, portions being omitted-or broken away. -'Fig.' 25 is a part front elevation-ofthe same, partly in section, and Fig-26 is. an end elevation thereof. I Fig. 27'is a side elevation of a die-bar shown separatelyand fitted with t'lie-holders and die.

Fig. 28 is an edge view of the die-bar alone.

Fig; 29- comprises side and edge views of a die-holder shownseparately Fig. 30 comprises side and face views offa die, together with end views' ofjdies, of two different widths.- Fig. 31 is a 'plan': view'ofthe casting block. Fig. 32 is a front elevation thereof.

Fig. 33

is asection on line33,*33 of Fig. 31; and

Fig. ,34. is an end elevation of the casting block. [Figs 35 and '36 are respectively pian and-face views of the cross slideof thccastmg block' i1f' Fi gf37 is a separate face view.- ofithei' y and 38 is aplanview of the same,

.- 'ustificationdial and the leveroperated there-.-

which includes besides the key-controlled composing mechanism, means for determining the extra space required to eiiect 1ust1ficat1on,-1s manipulated directly bythe attendant, while the second portion, which includes not only the selecting apparatus but also the actual type casting pistifying, and

I t e-settin mechanism works automatically under the control of the selectors sup-- plied to it from the first portion, both portions being combined inland actuated con- JOlIltlY as a single self-contamed machine,

which moreover is capable of'producing, as it works, the requisite supply of ('()111-' pressed air if such be used.

The controlling .portion of the .machine comprises a key-board A and a magazine B controlled by the key-mechanism, the mode of operation of these parts beinggenerally similar to those of the corresponding parts ofa linotype machine, while the key-board A is provided with a un1treckon1ng(l'evicc (not shown) as in the monotypc machine. The

magazine constitutes a font, not of typematrices as in the hnotype machine, but of what have been referred to above as se- 'lectors, each consisting of a fiat plate 1' (Fig. 5) adapted to effect the selection of a different character (letter or other sign) in the manner hereafter described, the space or blank selector being similar to a character selector.

The several different kinds of selectors corresponding to the respective characters are of uniform thickness and are stored in the magazine B in upright columns as at 7) (Fig. 4) each controlled by a sepa'ratc key a, the

column b of selectors in the magazine being arranged in groups or otherwise according to the numberof units of width occupied by the respective types which the selectors represent. 1 At each actuation of a key a a selector 1 from the corresponding column is caused or permitted to descend through one of the chutes 2 on to an endless traveling band 3 which delivers the selector in front of a pusher 4 constituted by .areciproeating arm 3 selectors u )wards out of contact wlth the whereby the successive selectors are 'cau sed to enter an assembly trough 5, as are'the matrices'in the .linotype machine, the series of selectorsbeing packed together in'this trough face to face so that theiplane of each extends transversely of the length of the box as indicated in Fig. 6. At the same time the unit value of the type represented. by each selector thus assembled is registered by the unit-counting device already referred to but not shown. When the row of selectors corresponding to the required line of type has been completed so far as the number of letters and spaces is concerned, the amount of such expansion of the spaces as may be required for justification of the line will be shown upon the indicator'drum of the unitcounting mechanism-so that, before the assemblage of selectors is dis-turbed,'the justifying mechanism can be properly set.' As however, the justifying operation itself does not take place until the moment at which the type-body for each space is actually cast, it will be convenient to defer detailed reference tothe justifying mechanism until that of the casting machine is described. V

'In the assembly trough 5, the selectors are held in close mutual juxtaposition by the forward end of :the series contacting with a spring-retracted finger 6 which enters the trough through a longitudinal slot in the bottom of the latter, this finger yielding and traveling forward horizontally as the number of assembled selectors increases. The finger -6 contacts with another spring-retracted finger 7 forming in effect a'temporary upw'ard extending (ZOHlZlIlUiLtlOIIOf the finger 6, in such manner that the finger .7, which is adapted to move between a pair of stationary lateral guides as at 8, participates in the travel of the'finger '6. y

The assembly trough 5, which is movable as regards level, havingbeen charged with a row of selectors as above described, is moved by any suitable means to a position opposite the end ofa similar but. stationary intermediate trough 9 into which the entire assemblage of selectors is thrust bodily by a finger 10, whereupon the assembly trough 5 is returned to normal position to receive a fresh rowof selectors corresponding to another line' of type, while, by the automatic action of the machine, the selectors are caused to pass one; by one out of the trough 9 and, after performing their selective function with referfinger, 6 (w ich remains always at one level) and into similar contact with the finger 7 which, descending into the trough 5 from above, serves now the same function thatwas previously-fulfilled .by the finger 6., Meanwhile the latter, which may be ,carried by a rod 11 working through a horizontal guide 12, is returned by its spring 13 to initial posi' .tion in-readiness to receive a fresh series of assembled selectors on the descent of the trough 5.-

The finger is positively actuated, preferably by pneumatic] ower as indicated in Fig. 10, wherein it wi 1 be seen that this fin ger is carried ,by a crosshead 14 on the end of a piston rod 15 reciprocated by means ofa piston 16 working in a cylinder 17, to and from the Opposite ends of which compressed air-is admitted and exhausted alternatively through the oipes 18,19 controlled by a distributing va ve as at 20; Upon the assembly trough 5 being raised to position opposite the intermediate trough 9, a tappet 21 carried by the trough 5 encounters a lever 22.

whereby the valve 20 is moved to admit compressed air behind the piston '16, with the 'result' that thelatter is caused to advance so that the finger 10 thrusts theentire assemblage of selectors out of the trough 5 and into the trough 9, the pressure being maintained upon thefinger 10 so long as any selectors remain in. the latter trough. I

The forward movement of the assemblage of selectors-has for effect to carry forward in frontof it the finger 7, which however is au to- .matically'removed from its position at the head of the row ofselectors immediately before the first oftheseencounters the pusher whereby the individual selectors are afterwards withdrawn in succession from the trough 9. For this purpose the finger .7 is

mounted in an overhead. carrier 23. adapted to work perpendicularly in,'whilemoving as one with a crosshead 24 on the end of a rod 25 which isfitted to slide lengthwise through .the iston rod 15, the crosshead 24 constant y tendingto retreat to initial position under the stress of a spring 26 which may be attached to any convenient abutment (not shown).. The carrier'23 is provided with a roller 27 fitted to work in alongitudinal camslot-28 in-one of the lateral guides 8, while the crosshead 24 (as well as the piston crosshead 14) is fitted to work in a straight horizontal slot 29 in the other guide 8 as indicated. The cam-slot28 has its forward end upwardly inclined as shown in Fig. 6, so that,

as the assemblage of selectors is thrust forward between the fingers 10 and 7 (the former'remaining in contact with the last selector of the series) the finger 7 is caused to rise until, by the time the first selector of the series encounters the pusher 30, this finger has been lifted clear of the path ofthe assemblage of selectors, as indicated by the dot and-dash lines on the left-hand side of 6.

When, by the successive removal of all the selectors, the. entire assemblage has been dealt withby the pusher 30 as hereafter described, the crosshead .14 encounters a lever 22 serving to reverse the distributing valve 20, with the result that the piston 16, being retracted, returns thefingers 10 and 7 to initial position in readiness to operate upon a fresh assemblage of selectors.

At the same time as theassembly trough 5 isbrought into alinement with the-interme-- diate. trough 9, the unit-reckoning mechan- 1 ism (in connection with the key-board) isreturned to zero position, and a trip is released so as to cause or permit a complete line of cast type :to be ejected into the galley. In

the case however of tabular work, for exam uously thrust, bythe pressure of the finger 10,

towards that end of thetrough at which the pusher operates so that the movement wheresuccessiveselectors are caused to slide out of the. trough occurs always in one'and x the same plane, with which plane that of each selector has first been caused to coincide.

By this movement each selector in succession is brought into position opposite the face 31' of what may be termed a clamping-box 32 against which the selector is pressed bythe face 33 of a cap 34, the selector being thuscaused to make anairtight joint with both the cap 34 arid the clamping box 32 so as to be enabled to fulfil its proper function which I will be described hereafter with special refer-, I once to the preferred arrangement of this part of the mechanism.

The usher 30 (Figs. 11 to 1.5) consists prefera ly of a block fitted to slide in upper and lower horizontal guides 35, 36 extending transversely of the forward end of the trough 9, the rear (and larger) portion 37 of the active face 'of the block being in one plane so as to be adapted to slide in contact with the surface bounding or constituting in effeet the end of the trough. At its forward end, the facesof the pusher has a recess 38 of aform and depth adapted to receive a single selector 1, so that, each time the pusher is fully retracted as in Figs. 11 and 12, the selector which happens" to beat the forward end of the series assembled inthetrough 9 will be .enabled to enter this recess under the pres-,

sure of the .fiiiger 10. Upon the usher thereupon making its forward stroke, the

shoulder constituted by the rear end edge 39 of the recess'38 will catch this selector, which will consequently be carried by the pusher to, and left by it in, a position exactly opg posite the face 31 of the clamping box 32,

as indicated, at 1 in Fig. 11,'the'withdrawal of the selector, owing to its frictional contact with the pusher during the return stroke of the latter, being prevented by means of a' spring detent 40.

The to-and-fro movement of the usher may be produced by means'of a suita ly actuated lever 41 fulcrumed as-at 42 and 'havmg a pin-and-slot or equivalent connection f-as at 43 with the back of the pusher. As the motion communicated by the 'pusherjto the successive selectors is sudden, it is necessary to prevent each successive selector from overshooting its proper position 1 relatively to v the face ofthe clamping box.

A-convenient and simple means for insuring this is'shown in Figs. 11 and 12. It has already been stated that after each selector has performed its proper function, it is withdrawn from operative position and caused to return to the magazine B. For'this purpose each fresh selector brought by means of the pusher from the-trough'to operative position 1,is caused to dis lace therefrom the immediately preceding se ector, which is thus thrust along the upper 'and lower' guides 44, 45 upon which the selectors pass across the face 31 of the clamping box, aseries of such displaced selectors, juxtaposed in one plane,

clamping box.

extending from the .operative position 1 to the removal position 1 at which their progress is positively stopped by the selector which for t e time being is in removal position encountering the stop 46 constituted by themlower portion of the corresponding one of the lateral guides 47, 48 of the-Jacob s Ladderhereafter described. Since at each return or idle stroke of the pusher -30,the selector immediately before left in the removal position 1 at thefoot of the Jacobs Lad-- derf is caused toascend the latter, it will-be obvious that the subsequent advance of a fresh selector from the trough 9 to the operative positionl will be rendered possible, but such advance will be definitely checked at the proper instant by the arrest of a displaced selector in the removal position 1*.

The face 31 of they clamping box 32 presents a'series of orifices 49,. and the face 33"0fthecap 34 presents a corresponding series of ,Orifices 50. The orifices 50 are in two sets leading respectively from separate chambers- 51 and 52'provided in the cap 34 and supplied in succession with compressed airfwhen that selector which for the'time being is in the operative position 1 isheld, the pressure of the cap, against the face of the is pivotallymounted as at 53 on one end of an arm 54 whose other end is pivoted as at .55 to turn about the fulcrum'of alever56 reciprocated in time with the lev'er'41, as for example by meansof a, link 57 "This lever 56 has an extension 58 wliich, 'wh en th'e'ca'p 34 v (guidedby dowelv pin's 59) has initially clamped the-selector against the'face of the clamping box, continues its movement and,

For this purposetheg'cap 34 compressing a buffer spring 60 interposed. between it and the back of the cap, insures an,

'64 carried by the cap and normally held by a spring 65 invp'osition to close both passages. When (after the initial clamping of the selector) by the continued movementof the lever-extension 58 the buffer spring 60 is compressed, the end of the lever-extension encounters and forces in the valve 64 against the pressure ofthe spring 65 and. thus admits compressed air by the passages-61 and,.62 to the chambers 51 and 52in succession; .3

Each selector l is pierced with two holes 1 (as at 66 and'67, Fig. 5) respectively adapted to registerwith one of-the orifices .in each of the .sets in the clamping box and cap corre sponding to. the chambers-51 and 52, the relativearrangement of these holes differing in I the selectors corresponding to the res ective types, so-that all the types which t e ma-' chine is'capable of producing are represented by" different combinations of two from among two sets of orifices each comprising I but'a-fe-W members. I I

The orifices 49 of the clamping box 32 communicate, by means of separate air-ducts 68, with as, many pneumatic power-cylinders which are arranged in two sets 69 and 70 (Figs. 24 to 26) respectively corresponding to the'orifices 5001 the two chambers 51 and 52 of the cap 34', so that when the valve-64-is opened by the lever extension 58, air will ector to one cylinder of each of the sets 69 and 70. In these cylinders Work .pistons which are connected with and serve.(when actuated) to'displace lengthwise against the pressure or sprin s (not shown) selector-bars likewisearrange in twosets 71 and 72, longitudinally and transverse, crossing one another horizontally at right angles and ref ass through the holes 66 and'67 of the se- 'spectively corresponding to (what may be lre'g'arded'as) thetwo sets ofair'ducts, so that the various possible combinations of selector barscofrrespo'nd to the combinations of holes in' the selectors'and therefore to "the respective type s p r'o' ducible by the machine "The number' of such possible combinations of-slectorbars 71, 72,isequal to the number of die-bars 73 (Figs. 3 and 23) carrying type-matrices for use casting, and means are provided whereby, as each successive selector performs its function of selecting one particular combinationof' s'electonbars appertaining to the two sets,

the corresponding die-bar will be brought into operation so as to enable the casting of the corresponding type'to be effected whether thelat-ter be a character or aspace. For

this purpose each die-bar 73 is actuated,

through suitable lever mechanism, by 'a sep arate catch-rod 74, the several catch-rods rojecting through holes 7 in what may be termed'a lift-plate 76' and being provided each witha shoulder 77 adapted toengage the lift-plate when the catch-rod is cantedv laterally. The catch-rods are arrangedin longitudinal and transverse rows corresponding respectively to the two sets of se ector bars 7 1 and 72 so that when (say)alongitud1nal selector-bar (such as 71*) has first been dis- I point of the two bars.

, casting mechanism, i. c; once each time a se-'.

placed to seleetzthe corresponding longitudi nal row of catch-rods, the subse' uent displacement of a transverse selectorin (such as 7 2*) will .nause the catch-rod 74: of the row to be canted which is situated at the crossing.

The lift plate 76 is carried by plungers 7 6 whereby it is bodily reciprocated parallel to itself once. for each cycle of operations of the lector is brought into positionagainst the face of theclamping' box 32, with the'result that (although normall the reciprocations of the lift-plate would eave the catch-rods unaffected) the plungers 76 carrying *lift plate 76 ma be operated manua'lly or through suita le drivin connections ro erly timed to-raise the li 't plate after th lector has been clamped in the" clampipg' box,

, .and the designated selectordbars actuated, so

that the catch rodf7i located at the iritersec:

' tion of said selector bars and tilted thereby has been brought down upon the rear-face of will be engaged and lifted, to cause the type matrix corresponding therewith to be seated" upon the mo d and be thus retained until after the'alining knife, hereinafter referred to,

the matrix, after which the lift-plate 7 dis retracted preparatory to the selection of the next succeeding matrix} The particular 1 catch-rod 74 which has been canted by'the conjoint action of the two selector bars 71',

72 will be-caughtin consequence of the errgagement of the shoulder 77 with the lift late and will be moved (in the direction of its own length) along with said plate, thus causing the corresponding' die-bar 73 to be broughtto operative'position.

The shoulder, 77 on. each catch-rod may be constituted by a nut and lock-out screwing adjustablyupon the rod 7 4 'so as to enable the throw-of the die-bar 73 to be regulated as i required, the hole 75 in the liftplate beingofkey-hole shape normally permitting the nut 77 to passt ough it without engagement, but being formed" at one'part of'its cireumference with a notch 78' which, although adapted to receive the catch-rod itself when the latter is canted, will not give passage to the nut. Each catch-rod may be canted by meansof a separate push-piece 79, the pushpieces bein in the form of radius arms mov able with, ut adapted also to turn about, the longitudinal section-bars 71, andso a late '83 ,(Fig. 24) so as to be ranged in longitudinal and transverse rows like the catch-rods. The push-pieces 79 are thus capable of movement in two directionscorresponding to the displacements of the respective sets 71 and 72 of-selector-bars,- so

. that only, that push-piece 7 9 of a transverse row will be moved bythe displacement of the mounted on said bars as to be in efiect ar corresponding transverse selectorebars. 72",

which is'also'in the longitudinal row carried by the longitudinal selector-bar 71 just pre- 4 V1011 S ly displaced. Each lon itudinal selector' bar 71, when. displace causes the movementof all the fpush pieces 79 of the corresponding row in one. direction, while indicated,- or provided with pins I or equivaeach transverse selector bar 72 is stepped as lent means such that, when displaced, the bar willengage and move only that push-piece in its own transverse row which is also in the longitudinal row already moved bythe dis placement of a longitudinal selector-bar.

- Kit is desired to repeat av character (as for. example in casting a font) the corre-.

ach catch-rod 74'1s p1 separate lever 81 and is guided" lot 82 in in theldirection of the depth or; enotch 78.

The lever .81 is fulcrumed .at 84 tothe carriage 85 (Fig:- 23) su porting the entire series of die-bars 23, an actuatestheparticular diebar to which'it appertains by depressing a push-rod 86 so as to actuate a lever 87..fulcrumed at .88 tothe carriage and coupled b serving: to normally retain .the die-bar retracted against-a cushioned stop bar192 and. toreturnto the inoperative-- position, after use, the various parts (including the catch- The descent of the ush-rod 86 isjcushioned -bya spring93 and imitedby an adjustable,

collar 94 ada tedtoencounter astop95 so so I voted t 80 "to a gable only 'a. link to the die-bar. 1 Thefl'latter s .pivotedto the "carriage 85'at 90,a spring'91 "rod 74) directly oonnectedto the die-bar.

that any ten ency on the part of the: dieto v slam down on the mold may be'overcome.

. Having thus described how each selectorl has passed throughthe troughs 5 and 9 performs its function of selectiifg from,

among the series of diebars 73,-that one wh ch carries the, type-matrix correspondingto the type which was chosen by the operator.

whenlhe struck a key a on the keyboard A,

the matrix carried thereby down upon the mold, ,it will be well (before roceeding to describe the mold itself. and?- the. castingoperation) to explain: the :action'. of the 1 0 and how this. die-bar is movedso as to bring v JacobsLadder already referred to whereby each successive selector, having finished its work and been passed-from the operative position 1 to the removal position 1 (Fig. 11) isreturned to the distributing apparatus by which the various selectors are sorted out and replaced in the magazine B.

At each forward stroke of the lever 41 and pusher 30, a slide 96 (Figs. 11, 19 and 21) this lowest position, a pair of pawls 101, ear

ried by the slide 96, engage beneath the selector and, when the slide rises during thereturn stroke of the lever 41 and pusher 30, lift the selector along with the slide until. just -before the latter reaches its highest position, a pair of spring detents 102 mounted on the guides "47, 48, are enabled to engage beneath the corners of the selector and retain the latter when the slide 96 and pawls 101 agai'n descend. A series of such slides are adapted to move in time with the lowest slide 96 (alone shown on the drawings) and are-similarly adapted to raise each selector step by step from one pair of spring detents 102 .to another in succession, until, on reachingthe level of the top of the magazine B, the selectors are pin-pushed onto guide-rails along which they aretravers ed by a screw-coirveyer and delivered to distributing apparatus of any convenient kind (such as is wellknown in connection with the return of the matrices to the magazine in the linotype class ofmachine) whereby the various selectors are returned 'totheir proper columns I) (Fig. 4) in the magazine. it may be observed that the reason for the employment of a series of slides" 96 and detents 102, instead of a single set, is to raise the selectors to the level of the guide rails, theparts being duplicated and so arranged that one slide 96 will take the selector deposited by the next lower slide upon the etents .102 associated therewith and ad- 'vance it to the detents associated with the bearings in the slide 96 and constantly tend-- in, under the stress of a s ring 104, to turn S0 i to bring the pawls to or retain them in) the operative position shown in Fig. '21 and in 'dot-and-dash lines at the lower part of In this connection Fig. 22, the rotation of the spindle 103 inthis direction being limited by a projection 105 on a disk 106, fast on the spindle, encountering a stop 107 on the slide. As the slide 96 descendsto pick up a selector, the pawls 101, which would otherwise strike or 'foul the latter, are caused to turn downwards against the I stress of the spring 104, by means of an arm 108 which is'pivoted loosely on the spindle '103and is consequently pressed by a'spring 109 in a direction opposite .to that-in which the spring 104 acts, the arm 108 engaging the disk .106 by means of apin 110 fixed on the disk. During the descent of the slide 96 and just before the pawls 101 reach the level of the top of the selector,-the arm 108 encounters astationary cam 111 whereby it is caused to turn so as to rotate the'spindle in the direction to depress the pawls, this cam however permitting the arm 108, and therefore the pawls 101, to return to normal position as soon as the latter have passed beneath the level of the bottom of the selector, as indicated in Fig. 22. I

The types are cast in a mold 112 (Fig. 31') constituted by a portion of a groove formed in a block or frame 113 which carries nearly all the working parts most intimately concerned in the casting operation, so that what may be termed the casting mechanism (apart from the pumping apparatus whereby. the molten type-metal is supplied and which, being of any. known or convenient construe tion, is not illustrated in the drawings) is virtually self-contained and may, when repairs are necessary be quickly removed from the machine as a'single pieceand replaced by a duplicate set of the same mechanism. 7 The casting groove (whereof the mold proper 112 forms a part as stated).is of constant width and depth corresponding to the body and. height of, the type to be cast, its

effective length being variable to suit the set of types of diil'ei'ent unit-values. The position of one end of the casting groove is constant, this end being normally closed by a' carrier-blocker cross-slide 114 which reciprocates transversely of the castmggroove and 1S provided with a corresponding carrier groove 1.15 adapted to receive the cast type v ,as the latter IS GJGCtGd from cast-mg position and convey it to a po'int'opposite a stationary channel 116 leading'to the composing bar and galley 117 (Fig. 3), the necessary mechanism being provided for imparting the requisite movements to the cross-slide 114 and also to the cast type at each stage of progress of the latter.

The variable end of the casting grooveis bounded by the extremity of a mold-blade 118 which, just before each casting operation, is advanced along the casting groove towards the carrier-block '1 14 until the requisite distance from the latter (corresponding to the set of the type to be cast) is attained.

. This distance is determined by the Width of 1 through the medium of'a separate holder of displaced under the thrustof the mold-blade corresponding width such as 121 (Figs. 27 and 29), the advance of the mold-blade, 118v being arrested by encountering the die 119.

(or its holder 121) which, when brought to casting position, is prevented from becoming by being itself then backed up by a stationary abutment 122. 'The die 119 is slidable to a slight extent lengthwise of its holder 121 for a purpose to be hereafter explained, and

in order to. lessen wear-and-te'ar upon the die or die-holder and prevent the fit of the die upon the barbeing prejudicially affected by 'the otherwise dead blow of the mold-blade 118 against the die (the latter being-'as just stated backed up by an unyielding abut' ment), the mold blade encounters the die not directly but through the medium of a-sizing slide 123 carrying a spring buffer 124 whereby the blow is cushioned without the distance actually traveled by the mold-blade being affected.

When in casting position die 119 is clamped between abutment 122 and spring buffer 124 with one of its matrix cavities opposite the;

open end of the casting groove in the mold where it is held by an alining knife adapted to engage a groove in the back of the die and press the latter upon the mold'until after the cast has been made. i As the mold-blade receives its motion from the cam-shaft of-the machine (not shown) through'lever mechanism having a uniform amplitude of stroke, it is obvious that some member of this mechanism, such asthe push rod 118 (Fig. 3.)'must act through a bufferspring of properly adjusted strength. 118 indicates a coupling whereby the push rod may be readily disconnected from the mold-blade 118 when the casting block 113' requires removal.

When a s ace body is to be cast, the increas'ed thic ness required to effect justification results from thearrest of the sizing-slide 123,. and therefore also of the mold-blade1'18, at a point of'its travel earlier than would be due to the normal orminimum thickness of 'the space-die itself. In order to bring about such earlier arrest of the mold-blade, the space die-bar or holder is arranged to engage an elongated arm 125 .of, and so move, a

grid 125 serving as the support and guide to a wedge 126 andthus cause the latter to be interposed between the sizing-slide 123 and effective width of wedge thus interposed, de-

termining the point in its travel at which the advance of the mold-blade 118 is arrested.

That is to say, the wedge 126 (previously adosition by the movementof the s ace diear, the subsequent advance of t "emoldblade 118- carriesjforward the sizing-blade 123' which, meeting the now interposed wedge 126, thrusts this against the spring buffer 124, and the bufier against the die 119,

i untilthe latter, encountering the stationary abutment 122 as before, ultimately'stops the movement of the various parts.

The so-called grid 125 constitutes a movable su'port for wedge 126 by means of which t e latter is held out of engagement with the mold-blade adjustingdevices while character typenare being produced and is moved-into engagement therewith when justifying space type are called for. To this 'end the grid or rigid frame 125 ispivotally.

supported, as at 135, in'rear of the mold, and is provided at its outer or free end or edge with a projecting portion 125, in position to be engaged by the space die-bar or holder.

Byreference to Fig. 3 it will be seen that the die-bars are pivotally supported on the side of the grid'opposite pro ect-ion 125 so that the'die bars equipped with character -ma trices shorter than thespace'die bar or holder are free to pass said projection without engaging the latter, whereas the space die bar or holder will contact with said projection and depress the grid.

During the presentation of character matrices to the mold the grid is sustained'in elevated position,-to support the wedge above or to one side'of the plane of movement of" spring buffer 124' and of a bearing. 123 pivotally attached to and bornebysizing blade 123 (Figs. 3, 31, and 32); but when a space The adjustment of the wedge 1-26 is man-" ually effected immediately after. the row of selectors corresponding with the line of type has been assembled in thetrough 5 as already described, the amountofspace-ex ansion'redie-bar or holder is brought, down .u on the quired for justification'belng then" indicated by the unit-reckoning mechanism previously mentioned. The movement of the wedge is produced by means'ofascrew 127 (Fig. 38.)

connected to the! wedge and rotated b a crank-handle128presented (as indicate in Figs.'- 1 and 2) in convenient roximity to the com osing keyboard A, this andle being rotate for each'line'of type, through an angle corresponding to the required advance (from zero) 'ofthewdge as'indicated on, a circular .dial 12.9 fastOn'thesPindIe 130 of 'thescrew ders on its spindle 130 as at 133 with one endof a lever 134 whose otherend engages the wedge 126, the arrangement being such that the indication given by the unit-reckoning mechanism may be transferred directly to the dial 129 and thence to the wedge 126 by means of the crank handle 128, no calculation being necessary. When the space die-bar returns (after the casting operation) to normal position, the grid 125, which is (pivoted as at 135 is set free, and is returne by a spring (not.

, shown) to inoperative-position, thu's'withdrawing the wedge 126 from between'the slide 123 and buffer 124.

In order to obviate the roduction of hair lines in the print, due-to t e presence of upstanding burs of type metal on the shoulder adjacent the letters, each die. 119 is made wider than the matrix 120 (Fig. carried on its face, and therefore also correspond: ingly wider than the interval which is left, at

. the moment of casting, between the extremity of the mold-blade 118 and the face of the cross-slide 114 and which determines the set of the type in other words the face of the die surrounding the matrix cavity overlaps and covers the end of the mold cavity. Such extra width of the die is allowed for, on the one hand by a correspondingadjustment of the position of the stationary abutment 122 against which the die is clamped by the spring buffer 124, and on the other hand by the position of the sizing-slide 123 relatively.

to the mold blade 118.

The adjustment of the position of the stationary abutment 122 for the die is further ad )ted to enable such allowance to be made 'in t e thickness or set of all the types of a line or lines as may be necessary in order to compensate, for e. g. the result of variations in the temperature of the molten type-metal, or of the casting mechanism, or other causes.

The means whereby this adjustment is effected serves also, preferably, to slightly retract the stationary abutment 122 from o erative position immediately before -t e bringin of each die'119 to casting position, so as to prevent the possibility of the die in its descent striking and fouling the abutment, the latter being afterwards caused to advance to operative position. in time to'receive the impact transmitted to it through the die from the mold-blade 118 and spring-bufier 124. For this'purpose the abutment 122 forms part of a frame 135 slidable over the casting block 113 and cross-slide 114 and ivotally connected to a lever or levers 136 ast on a rock shaft 137 carrying eccentrics as at 138 through which; theshsft is sup: ported 111 hearings on theoastiug block 113.

)n one end of the shaft 187 is swarm wheel as at 139 in' gear witha worm 140 which may berotated by a milled. head 141, so that by turning the atter, the effective position of the abutment 122 at the terminatlon of; each be adjusted asrequired.

The shaft 137- constantly tends, under the stress of a spring (not shown)to turn so as to retract the abutment 122 fromoperative position, and is caused to rock in time with the reciprocations of the mold-blade 118 (which 'agaln is timed in accordance with the movements of the various die-bars 73) so as to bring the abutment 122 to operative position, by the engagement, with an arm- 142, on one of the levers 136, of a cam 143. The latter is'coupled by a link 144 to a lever 145 pivoted as at 146 to the casting block 113, this lever being struck at each backward movement of the mold-blade 118 (or some part moving as one therewith) with the result that the cam 143 is rotated against the stress of a spring (not shown),.so as to permit the abutment 122 to be retracted by its own'spring. On the forward movement of the mold-blade 118 commencing, the cam is rotated by its spring in the reverse direction, and thus causes the arm 7142 to turn the shaft 137 and restore the abutment 122 to the predetermined 0 erative position as -ad justed by means of t e eccentric138.

The die-holder 121 on each die-bar 73-, when used, is preferably socketedon the bar as indicated at 147, in Figs. 27 to 29, and retained in osition by a spring catch 148 so as to be rea ily removable when required. As

already stated, each die 119 carryin a typematrix 120 is made slidable to a sight extent lengthwise of its holder 121, this being done 'in order to' enable the-matrix to be alined automatically before casting takes place. The die 119 may for this purpose be ,constituted by a flange (see Fig. 30) on the front edge of a plate 149 adapted to fit laterally, but also to slide to a small extent lon itudinally, in a socket 150 provided in t e holder 121, the plate 149 extending clear through the .de th of the socket as indicated. Alinement is e ected'by means of an ,alim'ng knife 151 having a Wedge-shaped blade (or point) 152 which, as soon as the mold blade 118 has advanced to give the correct thickness of letter, is caused toengage in a V- sha edtnotch 153 on the back of the die and its older, the knife being positively guided and moved so as at .once to determine the no position of the die and matrix, and to force these home into casting 'osition relatively to the mouthof themo d 112, the slight looseness of the die 119 upon the die-bar 73' ermitting of the necessary movements bemg performed. i

T e alinin knife, when-not in use; is swung out 0 the way, and at the proper; moment is brought by cam mechanism direotly over the the 119, its subsequent motion {30 

